What is the perfect passive system?
The perfect passive system is used to make the perfect, future perfect, and plus quam perfectum. It is, thankfully, very easy to construct, assuming you’ve kept up with memorizing all of your verb principal parts. Unlike the present system passive. Present System Passive.
Just take the fourth principle part and sum, erō, and eram to form the perfect, future perfect, and plus quam perfectum passive respectively. Note that the fourth principle part should be declined based on the number of the nominative, so for plurals, laudātus becomes laudāti.
Below is a table of all the forms for the verb laudare.
Perfect Passive:
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | laudātus sum | laudātī sumus |
| 2nd Person | laudātus es | laudātī estis |
| 3rd Person | laudātus est | laudātī sunt |
| Future Perfect Passive: |
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | laudātus erō | laudātī erimus |
| 2nd Person | laudātus eris | laudātī eritis |
| 3rd Person | laudātus erit | laudātī erunt |
| Perfect Passive: |
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | laudātus eram | laudātī eramus |
| 2nd Person | laudātus eras | laudātī eratis |
| 3rd Person | laudātus erat | laudātī erant |
Usage
Important to note, as mentioned earlier, the fourth principle part (the participle), should be declined to match with the nominative in gender, number, and case (nominative?, not sure).